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# Full language reference for dietC
(Some of these may be a bit out-of-date; let me know if you find something
inaccurate!)
Literals:
ints & floats as output by printf
chars, but no escaping (special characters are encoded as ints)
File layout:
#include "/path/to/dietc/scripts/dietc_helpers.h"
[type defining lines]
[global declarations & definitions]
Type defining lines:
struct Struct_%d { Type_%d [ident] ; Type_%d [ident] ; [...] } ;
union Union_%d { Type_%d [ident] ; Type_%d [ident] ; [...] } ;
typedef basic_type Type_%d ;
typedef Type_%d * Type_%d ;
typedef Type_%d Type_%d [ %d ] ;
typedef struct Struct_%d Type_%d ;
typedef union Union_%d Type_%d ;
typedef Type_%d Type_%d ( Type_%d , Type_%d , [...] ) ;
typedef Type_%d Type_%d ( Type_%d , Type_%d , ... ) ;
global declarations & definitions:
extern Type_%d [ident] ;
static Type_%d [ident] = [globlit] ;
Type_%d [ident] = [globlit] ;
Type_%d [ident] ( Type_%d , [...] ) {\n[body]\n}
Type_%d [ident] ( Type_%d , ... ) {\n[body]\n}
globlit:
[literal]
{ [globlit] , [...] }
( void * ) ( & [ident] ) + [literal]
( void * ) [int literal]
body:
[declaration]
[declaration]
[...]
[instruction]
[instruction]
[...]
[return]
return:
_L_RETURN :
return [ident] ;
or
_L_RETURN :
return ;
declaration:
Type_%d [ident] ;
instruction:
MEMZERO ( [ident] ) ;
MEMCPY ( [ident] , [ident] ) ;
[ident] :
if ( [ident] ) goto [ident] ;
goto [ident] ;
[ident] = [ident] ;
[ident] = [literal] ;
* [ident] = [ident] ;
[ident] = [preop] [ident] ;
[ident] = ( Type_%d ) [ident] ;
( Type_%d ) [ident] ;
// ^ only when (void)x; left in for autoconf
[ident] = BINARY ( [ident] , [binop] , [ident] ) ;
[ident] = [ident] ( [ident] , [...] ) ;
[ident] ( [ident] , [...] ) ;
[ident] = FIELDPTR ( [ident] , [fname] ) ;
preop:
!, ~, *, &
binop:
+, -, *, /, %, &, |, ^, ==, !=, <, <=, <<, >>
Other guarantees:
instructions in function bodies, and *only* those instructions, are indented
with one tab character
all tokens are space-separated; you can tokenize by splitting each line on
space characters
all instructions are one-line
MEMZERO and MEMCPY are always called on globals & locals; never the heap
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