From 1d943da0cf9154e7ce78ce867cdbb91531c5d78e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthew Sotoudeh <matthew@masot.net>
Date: Tue, 25 Jul 2023 14:58:33 -0700
Subject: initial dietc commit

---
 docs/LANGUAGE.txt | 88 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 88 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 docs/LANGUAGE.txt

(limited to 'docs/LANGUAGE.txt')

diff --git a/docs/LANGUAGE.txt b/docs/LANGUAGE.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..124e100
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/LANGUAGE.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+# Full language reference for dietC
+
+(Some of these may be a bit out-of-date; let me know if you find something
+inaccurate!)
+
+Literals:
+  ints & floats as output by printf
+  chars, but no escaping (special characters are encoded as ints)
+
+File layout:
+  #include "/path/to/dietc/scripts/dietc_helpers.h"
+  [type defining lines]
+  [global declarations & definitions]
+
+Type defining lines:
+  struct Struct_%d { Type_%d [ident] ; Type_%d [ident] ; [...] } ;
+  union Union_%d { Type_%d [ident] ; Type_%d [ident] ; [...] } ;
+  typedef basic_type Type_%d ;
+  typedef Type_%d * Type_%d ;
+  typedef Type_%d Type_%d [ %d ] ;
+  typedef struct Struct_%d Type_%d ;
+  typedef union Union_%d Type_%d ;
+  typedef Type_%d Type_%d ( Type_%d , Type_%d , [...] ) ;
+  typedef Type_%d Type_%d ( Type_%d , Type_%d , ... ) ;
+
+global declarations & definitions:
+  extern Type_%d [ident] ;
+  static Type_%d [ident] = [globlit] ;
+  Type_%d [ident] = [globlit] ;
+  Type_%d [ident] ( Type_%d , [...] ) {\n[body]\n}
+  Type_%d [ident] ( Type_%d , ... ) {\n[body]\n}
+
+globlit:
+  [literal]
+  { [globlit] , [...] }
+  ( void * ) ( & [ident] ) + [literal]
+  ( void * ) [int literal]
+
+body:
+  [declaration]
+  [declaration]
+  [...]
+  [instruction]
+  [instruction]
+  [...]
+  [return]
+
+return:
+  _L_RETURN :
+  return [ident] ;
+    or
+  _L_RETURN :
+  return ;
+
+declaration:
+  Type_%d [ident] ;
+
+instruction:
+  MEMZERO ( [ident] ) ;
+  MEMCPY ( [ident] , [ident] ) ;
+  [ident] :
+  if ( [ident] ) goto [ident] ;
+  goto [ident] ;
+  [ident] = [ident] ;
+  [ident] = [literal] ;
+  * [ident] = [ident] ;
+  [ident] = [preop] [ident] ;
+  [ident] = ( Type_%d ) [ident] ;
+  ( Type_%d ) [ident] ;
+  // ^ only when (void)x; left in for autoconf
+  [ident] = BINARY ( [ident] , [binop] , [ident] ) ;
+  [ident] = [ident] ( [ident] , [...] ) ;
+  [ident] ( [ident] , [...] ) ;
+  [ident] = FIELDPTR ( [ident] , [fname] ) ;
+
+preop:
+  !, ~, *, &
+
+binop:
+  +, -, *, /, %, &, |, ^, ==, !=, <, <=, <<, >>
+
+Other guarantees:
+  instructions in function bodies, and *only* those instructions, are indented
+    with one tab character
+  all tokens are space-separated; you can tokenize by splitting each line on
+    space characters
+  all instructions are one-line
+  MEMZERO and MEMCPY are always called on globals & locals; never the heap
-- 
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